Policy Framework Development Free Essays

string(184) has been guaranteed that a framework offering types of assistance concurring capacity to-pay instead of social insurance need, guarantees diminished accessibility and availability to services† (Danis et al. Presentation In this exposition, I will examine the government assistance state since World War II and how it has affected society in England and Wales. What's more, I will talk about the significance of social strategy, how it was created and the four most often utilized methodologies. The thoughts behind these methodologies will be clarified and a few instances of such strategies in various fields will be given. We will compose a custom article test on Strategy Framework Development or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now Generally speaking, proof will be given on how social strategy became instructive control in its own right. The birthplaces of the National Health Service One of the most uncommon social strategies put energetically in England and Wales has been the execution of free clinical treatment for all, through the National Health Service. As per Alcock (2008), disease was exceptionally normal and social insurance costly before the National Health Service (NHS) appeared in 1948. Poor lodging, stuffing, poor sanitation, ailing health and absence of training were normal, empowering the spread of irresistible maladies, for example, tuberculosis. Future was impressively lower, at a unimportant 60 years. During the nineteenth century, human services was given through the workhouse, or city and deliberate clinics. The rich were frequently rewarded in their own homes or in a private practice. A woman Almoner was liable for doing a methods test, which figured out who got clinical treatment, she was likewise answerable for moving toward foundation for financing. (Alcock, 2008) The belief system behind the improvement of the NHS was to stopped obliviousness, dirtiness, malady and neediness, by guaranteeing medicinal services was accessible to all. This included free medicines for each of the, a family advantage plan and full business. Albeit some considered it to be a politically dangerous move, Prime Minister Churchill gave his full support for the NHS in 1943, in this manner beginning the change towards free social insurance. As Bochel reports: â€Å"During 1944, White Paper proposing a national wellbeing administration, and the appointment of a Labor Government in 1945 made the foundation of a NHS practically certain. The vital enactment was passed in the 1946 National Health Service Act.† (Bochel, 2009, p. 332). At long last, the NHS turned into a reality on July fifth 1948. It was a huge accomplishment however because of the critical interest in time, cash and assets, it was not met without resistance this was when there were food and fuel deficiencies, just as a dollar monetary emergency. Notwithstanding, the overall population needed the new help to succeed, and as such Britain turned into the primary nation in Western Europe to offer free clinical assistance, supported through the general tax collection framework. As indicated by Bevan: â€Å"It depended on three center standards which incorporate; it addresses the issues of everybody, to be free at the purpose of conveyance and it to be founded on clinical requirements, not capacity to pay.† (National Health Service History, 2012). These center standards have continued as before since the formation of the NHS (Bochel, 2009,p. 332). In any case, free social insurance as gave by the NHS end up being over the top expensive, with the medication bill expanding from ?13 million to ?41 million inside the initial two years of its creation. Also, as medication advanced as a science, new innovations and strategies expanded the expense of the NHS from ?200 million to ?300 million. The arrangement of free medicinal services for all prompted overabundance request, adding strain to the effectively constrained clinical assets. The Government was hesitant to take care of the overabundance expense, as it expected to put resources into different segments, for example, instruction. Accordingly, charges for specific administrations, for example, displays and false teeth, just as for remedies were executed (Alcock2008). Neo-liberal belief system and the NHS In 1979, when the NHS had been set up for a very long while, a Neo Liberal Government was chosen, with little compassion toward the state arrangement of government assistance and the significant level of consumption related with it (Bochel, 2009, p. 332). Neo-liberal philosophy bolsters the revamping of the money related and authoritative parts of human services administrations around the world, in view of the contention that the then-existing wellbeing frameworks had fizzled. As per the suggestion report in 1983, four significant issues of wellbeing frameworks internationally were: I) misallocation of assets; ii) imbalance of getting to mind; iii) wastefulness; and iv) detonating costs. It was guaranteed that administration emergency clinics and facilities were regularly wasteful, experiencing profoundly unified dynamic, wide variances in distributions, and poor inspiration of laborers (Alcock, 2008). Nature of care was likewise low, tolerant holding up times were long and clinical interviews were short, misdiagnosis and improper treatment were normal. Additionally, the open segment had experienced genuine deficiencies of clinical medications and hardware, and the buying of brand-name pharmaceuticals rather than conventional medications was one of the primary purposes behind squandering the cash spent on wellbeing (Navarro, 2007). Private suppliers were all the more actually effective and offer an assistance that was seen to be of higher caliber. Neo-liberal approaches Instances of approaches executed by the Neo-Liberal Government were those dependent on cost-adequacy. Cost-viability was introduced as the fundamental apparatus for picking among conceivable wellbeing mediations for explicit medical issues. Incapacity balanced life years (DALYs) were utilized to gauge the weight of ailment and subsequently permitting examinations between explicit medical issues. More noteworthy dependence on the private area to convey clinical administrations was energized, with the desire that it would raise proficiency. It was recommended that Governments ought to privatize the human services administrations, by selling the open merchandise and enterprises, purchasing the administrations from the private area, and supporting the private segment with endowments. So as to expand effectiveness, pointless legitimate and authoritative boundaries looked by private specialists and drug stores would should be evacuated. Neoliberal arrangements in human services were intensely condemned as they apparently misdiagnosed the issues and its treatment, prompting a circumstance more regrettable than it was before the strategies were executed. Contracting from government assistance state to least liberal state, withdrawing from the majority of the open administrations and letting the zone to mindlessness of market elements is making pharmaceutical, clinical innovation, protection, and law organizations the lead on-screen characters. It has been guaranteed that a framework offering types of assistance agreeing capacity to-pay as opposed to medicinal services need, guarantees diminished accessibility and openness to services† (Danis et al. You read Strategy Framework Development in classification Article models, 2008; Janes et al., 2006; Unger et al, 2008). New Labor and the NHS In 1997, the New Labor Government was chosen, with a principle center to make a critical enhancement for peoples’ wellbeing. This was relied upon to be finished by modifying the wellbeing administrations inside the NHS through â€Å"decentralizing of intensity and dynamic to nearby wellbeing trusts†. Decentralizing was significant so as to accomplish expanded responsiveness to nearby wellbeing needs by augmenting tolerant decision, and advancing authoritative proficiency. The basic reason was that decentralization would abbreviate the bureaucratic various leveled structure and permit adaptability for nearby trust supervisors and wellbeing experts along these lines improving authoritative presentation from the ‘bottom-up’ (Crinson, 2009 :p 139). In 1997 the Government set forward its arrangements in the White Paper: â€Å"The New NHS: Modern, Dependable† (Blakemore 2003:p 172). The goal was to lessen bureaucratic control from the inside and reestablis h self-rule to wellbeing experts inside the NHS. Simultaneously, the Government was resolved to restrict open consumption by seeing what was at that point set up by the past government. One of the new Labor goals was to lessen the quantity of individuals on the treatment holding up list by offering patients more noteworthy decision of supplier at the purpose of inpatient referral. This was set up from January 2006 onwards, where patients have been offered a decision of at any rate four medical clinics when alluded for treatment by their general professional. Moreover, another inpatient booking framework was set up, where patients themselves could book their place and time of treatment (Adam, 2006). In 1998, wellbeing imbalance targets were remembered for the open help concurrences with nearby government and cross-office hardware was made to catch up a ‘Programme of Actions’, which had the general mean to diminish disparity as far as future during childbirth, and to decr ease the baby death rate by 10 percent by 2010 (Glennerster, 2007 : p 253). Instances of social insurance arrangements executed by New Labor are: Most extreme sitting tight occasions for in-understanding treatment: a half year by 2005 and three months by 2008; Patients ready to see an essential consideration professional inside twenty-four hours and a GP inside forty-eight hours; Most extreme holding up time of four-hours in crisis rooms; Plans to improve malignancy treatment and wellbeing imbalances. Likewise, so as to improve effectiveness, two bodies were set up to offer guidance and push for progressively steady and successful clinical guidelines in deciding the expense of new medications and techniques. This was the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) (Glennerster,2007 : p 250). Be that as it may, as contended by Peckham and partners (year?), the decentralization of the NHS had blended outcomes. They note that the procedure of decentralization was not satisfactory and that there were logical inconsistency

Key Problems With The Current System In Kariba †Free Samples

Question: Examine about the Key Problems With The Current System In Kariba. Answer: Keys Problems with the present framework The Kariba case is a phenomenal case of wrong administration of open riches and use and subsequently income designation. It shows that the assets havent been distributed well. An all around characterized and working open use framework ought to incorporate inside itself a portion of the characteristics like straightforwardness, ideal allotment of the accessible assets, precision, practicality, engaged and key endeavors, responsibility, adaptability, productivity in the use of assets, and so forth. (Alexander, 2016). A portion of the key issues with the present framework in Kariba are recorded beneath: Moving to the money financial plan: Under the all around oversaw frameworks, there is an endorsed and all around arranged consumption spending plan and thefinance service ought not over surpass its spending plan, desires or determined sums. The legislature ought to follow discipline in its monetary strategy without being depending vigorously on the accessibility and move of money. Consequently, so as to abstain from moving to money spending plan, it ought to be appropriately arranged and followed. Lopsided distribution of uses not in accordance with the needs: The administration has characterized goals toward the beginning. It expects to build the offer in social, financial, peace and lessen the allotment to guard and organization part regarding intersectoral appropriation, while it is meaning to expand the offer for essential tutoring and human services and diminishing the offer for tertiary segment in the intrasectoral assignment. Significantly after these needs, assets are not being spent and dispersed intentionally as arranged (Boccia Leonardi, 2016). Gigantic hole between the official and genuine procedure of planning: This is one of the significant weakness and essential issue in Kariba framework as it needs validity and responsibility because of which officials don't pay attention to the planning procedure and regularly wind up assigning the equivalent to the unpracticed junior individuals. This makes the spending plan and consumption arranging sway and the goals are not being met and consequently, the assets are squandered. Powerlessness to get the opportune, exact and complete reports on open use and income designation: For the particular government divisions to work adequately and productively, they ought to approach the auspicious and precise reports on uses which will assist them with analyzing the varieties and deviations and help them to make the remedial move, however the equivalent isn't accessible (Dichev, 2017). Inability to put the responsibility on one single individual or division: Because of the fracture between the offices and the focal and line organizations, the obligation regarding dealing with the financial plan isn't fixed on any single office. This makes it hard to make the spending officials at risk and responsible for not gatherings their objectives. Absence of motivating forces: This is one of the serious issues which ruins the proper, successful and proficient utilization of the open assets, as there is no motivator for such an activity and meeting the objectives. Absence of trust among the offices engaged with the planning procedure: There is gigantic strain and doubt among the groups and individuals in the focal and nearby offices who are associated with the planning procedure (Goldmann, 2016). The common joint effort is absent in the Kariba planning process without which it can't be a triumph. There are numerous other little and central explanations behind the disappointment of current framework past what is expressed above in the focuses. How Philips should move toward the issue The previously mentioned issues of open consumption and income distribution should be changed on need and there are barely any manners by which the equivalent can be standardized. Motivator is the best plan which can assist the individuals with looking all the more genuinely into the open assets framework and legitimate allotment of the equivalent. The distributions of the assets occur subjectively and in a non-straightforward style which makes it helpless against the political intercession and control on account of which offices like protection get less assets to the detriment of bureau officials needs. Here are a portion of the manners in which that Philips should give it a shot: Bureau must assume the liability of appropriate portion of the obligations and financial plan to the line services and ought to consent to the monetary motivation and from that point do a legitimate bookkeeping, recording, checking and scattering of the assets and obligations to the particular divisions(Trieu, 2017). Perpetual secretaries ought to follow progressively exacting and proficient methodology and ought to be made straightforwardly responsible to the secretary of the bureau instead of their individual pastors. A feeling of shared trust and better understanding and coordinated effort ought to create among the bureau division and working services their obligations ought to be plainly characterized and isolated with no covering. The entire planning procedure ought to be reestablished and redone by expanding the precision of the guaging of planning gauges, by guaranteeing that Ministry of Finance pays attention to the procedure more and a straightforward methodology is being followed with greater contribution of the senior leaders(Kew Stredwick, 2017). Utilization of the participative planning strategy rather than the forced planning method which will help the line services to work all the more freely and set up their own spending plans with adaptability to such an extent that they are stay inside the ambit of the financial parameters. The real and arranged distributions of assets ought to be co related and the procedure ought to be fortified with the goal that the assets are first being used for the high need territories. This will call for key arranging inside the bureau service and usage of the equivalent. The bigger spending targets ought to be separated into littler time to guarantee more exactness and centered endeavors. Open spending which ought to be a genuine capital planning system is presently a list of things to get or only a shopping list action for the givers. The equivalent ought to be upgraded and the need tasks should initially get the assets. The long hanging ventures and even the future ones ought to be examined for their pace of profits and the degree to which they meet the present government needs (Kew Stredwick, 2017). Post appropriate investigation, the sum ought to be assigned for the open venture program and responsibility must be characterized. The political decision in any nation presents major issues inside any nation according to auxiliary perspective. Hence, for the Karibaian government to advance, it ought to decrease the open division size with the goal that sum and assets can be similarly disseminated among the talented staff pay rates and subsidizing of the fundamental requirements(Visinescu, Jones, Sidorova, 2017). In this way, Philips through casual responsibility framework and aggregate weight on the service can get the above focuses into thought to improve the present circumstance in Kariba. References Alexander, F. (2016). The Changing Face of Accountability. The Journal of Higher Education, 71(4), 411-431. Boccia, F., Leonardi, R. (2016). The Challenge of the Digital Economy. Markets, Taxation and Appropriate Economic Models, 1-16. Dichev, I. (2017). On the applied establishments of money related detailing. Bookkeeping and Business Research, 47(6), 617-632. Goldmann, K. (2016). Monetary Liquidity and Profitability Management in Practice of Polish Business. Money related Environment and Business Development, 4, 103-112. Kew, J., Stredwick, J. (2017). Business Environment: Managing in a Strategic Context (second ed.). London: Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. Trieu, V. (2017). Getting an incentive from Business Intelligence frameworks: A survey and research motivation. Choice Support Systems, 93, 111-124. Visinescu, L., Jones, M., Sidorova, A. (2017). Improving Decision Quality: The Role of Business Intelligence. Diary of Computer Information Systems, 57(1), 58-66.

Learn more about pursuing a graduate degree in international affairs COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Learn more about pursuing a graduate degree in international affairs COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Were heading down to DC on Wednesday, June 19th.   Spread the word.   If you are in the area and want to mingle with admissions representatives, alumni and current students; you should plan to stop by.   If you cant make it to this one, well be back again on July 18th. Representatives from the following graduate international affairs programs will be available: Columbia University â€" School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA) Georgetown University â€" Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service Johns Hopkins University â€" The Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) Princeton University â€" The Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs Tufts University â€" The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy Registration will start at 5:30 p.m., presentation begins at 6:00 p.m.   If you are interested in attending, you may register in advance through the Summerfest 2013 Eventbrite link: http://summerfest13.eventbrite.com/. The event will be held at Johns Hopkins University (SAIS), Kenney Auditorium, 1740 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington, D.C. 20036.   The easiest method of transportation is via Metro. SAIS is about a 5-minute walk from the Dupont Circle Metro stop (Red Line). Hope to see you there.

Should Children Be Treated As Kids, Not Wild Animals

The topic that I have selected has impacted me throughout personal family experience. I plan to argue: Hyperactive children have been considered to have a behavioral disorder in which medical treatment is necessary. Hyperactive children should be treated as kids, not wild animals. Understanding that not being able to focus, being excessively overactive, and not being able to control behavioral issues is a problem, but all medication have their side effects. It’s more the damage a pill, or a douse of medicine will cause a child. I am introducing this topic to an audience that does not know anything about this issue by sharing my personal experience relating to my 12 year old cousin, Felipe. When ADHD, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity†¦show more content†¦No disorder should be compared to any illness. Children are being treated over a situation that can be cured mentally other than being treated like animals. As the semester continues, I want to answer: Why are doctors t reating ADHD like it’s a disease? Can we just sit a child down and teach them right from wrong instead of drugging them with pills to calm them down? Children shouldn’t be relied on medication. In continuation, parents shouldn’t even consider that this is the only option. Medication is just a simple way to get rid of the fact that doctors don t want to take the long route to get rid of the situation. As long as someone gets paid, there is no problem in just writing a medical and prescription bill to send someone off. The things that I am planning to research on this topic vary from what is ADHD and what causes it to what medication is use to help the problem. To find this information, I will research websites, essays, medication backgrounds, documentaries and articles involving this dilemma. Along the way I want to understand in what way physically and mentally it affects children as they grow. As I was saying earlier, my cousin ended up being diagnosed with ADH D. In school he was the number one troublemaker. He would disrupt class, never pay attention and would always be

The Joy of Reading and Writing Superman and Me Essay...

â€Å"The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superman and Me† Reading â€Å"The Joy of reading and Writing: Superman and Me,† gave me a different perspective of reading and writing. Sherman Alexie, who grew up on the Spokane Reservation in Wellpinit, Washington, explains his life as an Indian boy, and how reading and writing helped his life to succeed. Alexie purposes is to discuss how he first learned how to read and write, his intelligence as a young Indian boy, and Alexie as an adult teaching creative writing to Indians children. Alexie learned not only how to read but to love reading. He used his love of reading to propel himself through the school system, removing himself from the stereotypical to be dumb, quiet, poor, and to fail in life.†¦show more content†¦Alexie wanted to be educated and refused to fail. â€Å"I refused to fail. I was smart. I was arrogant. I was lucky† (15). Alexie’s tone at end of the essay, he was proud and surprised of himself because he became a writer. Becoming a writer, Alexie started to write books for children and he started to teach creative writing at Indian Schools. Alexie is proud because he has the opportunity to help other Indian kids to succeed in life. â€Å"These days, I write novels, short stories, and poems. I visit schools and teach creative writing to Indian kids† (15). Most of the children in the Reservation read his books and write their own poems, and that makes Alexie proud of himself. But there are some of the children that who have already given up hope on themselves and sit in the back of the classroom and do not care anything for reading and writing. â€Å"Then there are the sullen and already defeated Indian kids who sit in the back rows and ignore me with theatrical precision† (16). Alexie is trying to break down their locked doors, and he is trying to save their lives by teaching them to read and write. Alexie refused to fail, instead he read different kind of books and he became strong reader and a smart Indian. Alexie read everything and everywhere he went. This is probably one of the reasons Alexie never fail in school and his succeed life, because he loved to learn. He also committed to help other Indian in the Reservation by helping them to learn howShow MoreRelatedThe Joy Of Reading And Writing : Superman And Me933 Words   |  4 PagesIn the essay â€Å"The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superman and Me† Sherman Alexie writes about himself as a young boy trying to be more than just an â€Å"Indian boy who lives on a reservation,† or an â€Å"oddity.† His implied thesis reveals that he used reading to try and save his life and wants to help others to do the same. Alexie presents this thesis through an expressive and literary purpose, and continues to employ patterns of description and classification. Alexie’s primary purpose is expressive.Read MoreThe Joy Of Reading And Writing : Superman And Me916 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superman and Me† is a short story in which Sherman Alexie, the author, writes about the expectations of Indian children and how he defeated them. Alexie’s thesis is about how reading was his key to overcoming the expectation of failure and that helping influence young Indians to read and write can save them from their prescribed fate as well. Primarily expressive writing is used to convey this message but literary writing is also used as a secondary purpose. NarrationRead MoreEssay on The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superman and Me833 Words   |  4 PagesReading Leads to Prosperity Sherman Alexie recalls his childhood memory of learning to read, and his teaching experience in â€Å"The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superman and Me†. He devotes his interest to reading. By this way, he breaks the stereotype that Indian boys are expected to be stupid and dumb, and later on he becomes a successful writer because of his endeavor to read. Alexie vividly narrates his younger life by using metaphor and repetition with a confident tone, in order to strengthenRead MoreThe Joy Of Reading And Writing : Superman And Me, By Sherman Alexie1359 Words   |  6 Pagesexample: In â€Å"The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superman and Me,† Sherman Alexie highlights his enjoyment of reading and writing. He claims that as a kid, he reminds himself that he is a â€Å"smart Indian boy† even though it is not recognized on a reservation or even when non-Indian teachers believe that Indian children are stupid. Similarly, in â€Å"Learning to Read and Write,† F rederick Douglass demonstrates that slaves are entitled to have the same rights to learn about reading and writing as any other AmericansRead MoreThe Joy Of Reading And Writing : Superman And Me, By Sherman Alexie1370 Words   |  6 Pagesare in similar scenarios as well. In the story â€Å"The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superman and Me† by Sherman Alexie, talked about being a middle-class Indian living in American. â€Å"If heÊ »d been anything but an Indian boy living on the reservation, he might have been called a prodigy. But he is an Indian boy living on the reservation and is simply an oddity† (Alexie 24). Since Alexie was Indian he wasn t accepted and praised for his talents in reading instead he was made an outcast. Being a smart IndianRead MoreSherman Alexie s The Joy Of Reading And Writing : Superman And Me970 Words   |  4 Pages1113 Monday, September 21st Alexie and Douglas: Compare and Contrast Education is something that is often taken for granted in this day and age. Kids these days rebel against going to school all together. In the essays â€Å"The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superman and Me† by Sherman Alexie and â€Å"Learning to Read and Write† by Frederick Douglass, we learn of two young men eager for knowledge. Both men being minors and growing up in a time many years apart, felt like taking how to read and write intoRead More Response to Article College is a Waste of Time and Money Essay1023 Words   |  5 Pages The key and initial forces/factors that help children receive a good education are parents’ support, the child’s confidence, and the drive to learn. In The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superman and Me, Sherman Alexie demonstrates each characteristic, strives through obstacles and shines through it all. According to therapist, Anna Robinson, the first and key factor in children receiving a good education is parents’ support. Anna discovers that when children come into her office, oneRead MoreEssay on Keys to a Good Education for Children622 Words   |  3 Pages The key and initial forces/factors that help children receive a good education are parents’ support, the child’s confidence, and the drive to learn. In The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superman and Me, Sherman Alexie demonstrates each characteristic, strives through obstacles and shines through it all. According to therapist, Anna Robinson, the first and key factor in children receiving a good education is parents’ support. Anna discovers that when children come into her office, one keyRead MoreSherman Alexie Essay964 Words   |  4 Pages In the essay â€Å"The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superman and Me,† Sherman Alexie credits learning to read a Superman comic book with saving his life. As an Indian boy growing up on a reservation in Spokane, Washington, where being uneducated was not the exception but the rule, Alexie was given few opportunities to succeed. The Superman comic book was the book he taught himself to read with, which in turn saved him from going down a path that lead to a the life of inferiority and failure. LearningRead MoreSummary Of The Joy Of Reading And Writing By Sherman Alexie957 Words   |  4 PagesAlexie the author of the essay The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superman and Me was born and raised on a Spokane Indian Reservation. Growing up his family did not have a lot of money, yet today Alexie is known as one of the most prominent Native American writers. Alexie reminisces on his childhood when he first taught himself how to read. In the essay The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superm an and Me Sherman Alexie suggests, that for Native Americans reading is the key to education and education

Brotherhood Natalie Portman and Brothers Free Essays

Brotherhood is deeper than any words can really explain, for it is a responsibility and a bond between people. Basically, it is a group of people coming together for a common purpose; however, these people share a stronger connection that few can understand. It is almost like a family, for each brother exhibits brother-like qualities, in the respect that they care for you and try to help you out. We will write a custom essay sample on Brotherhood: Natalie Portman and Brothers or any similar topic only for you Order Now From my experience with my brother back home, brothers may not always agree with you and they might argue with you sometimes, but by the end of the day, they are still there for you. It is that bond between you that separates you from a lot of other people, and it is up to a brother to uphold his end of the bond, for he has to make sure it is strong. He needs to be responsible and never let his brothers down. For example, in my past (although this may seem kind of sad on my part), my brother has broken my arm, hit me with a bat, thrown a brick at me, and chipped my tooth, but I remained loyal to him. Up to this day, he and I are closer than ever. And of course I was mad at the time, when that all happened, but I knew deep down inside there’s still a matter of love and respect from one another. That is another thing about brotherhood: it cannot be walked away from because once you are a part of a brotherhood, you are brothers for life. Brothers are there for you when you are at your best and worst, standing by your side at all time. Although things may seem horrible at the time, brothers can really make you look past it and make you look at the bright side of things. Overall, brothers make up a brotherhood, and these brothers instill their values in you so you can be taught right and hopefully, become a better person for it. How to cite Brotherhood: Natalie Portman and Brothers, Essay examples

Dealing In Bread Confectionary Products †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Dealing In Bread Confectionary Products? Answer: Introduction The report is based on a family owned bakery. This report explain the roles and responsibilities of a baker and the processes that are absolutely necessary for the bakery and what outcomes are necessary from these processes in order to achieve the objective of the bakery. Currently, B bakerys objective is to provide products at competitive prices. It also includes a seven-step process for the objective of IT investment. This report also includes a complete description of three accounting softwares i.e. MYOB, Recson and QuickBooks and a comparison is also made between two accounting softwares i.e. MYOB essentials and recson one to identify which software is more suitable for the business (AICPA, 2017). Responsibilities of a Baker A baker is an individual who produces and sells the baked products such as cakes, pastries, biscuits, cookies, bread, Brownies etc. The main activity of the baker is to produce baked goods and sell them to customers. All the other activities are secondary which are done to complete the main activity. The bakery will perform the following activities: it will produce goods as per the orders given by the customers, checking the ingredients used in the production, applying icings or other toppings using spatulas or brushes, setting the temperature of oven and setting the equipments used in the process of production, giving attention to the colour of the baked products, placing dough in pans or moulds, properly measuring the ingredients used in a particular product and labelling the products as per the measured ingredients (Chakrabarti-Bell, et al., 2017). One more duty of a baker includes giving timely orders to the supplier. The baker purchases the ingredients used in the baked products from the suppliers. So in order to complete the order given by the customers it is necessary that the baker will have the raw material which is possible only if the baker has made a pre-estimation of the quantity and has given the order to supplier timely. The baker is responsible to ensure the cleanliness and hygiene and maintaining the freshness of the food items sold by the bakery. The business activities can also vary from the type of bakers. There are mainly two types of bakers i.e. retail bakers and commercial bakers. Retail bakers are engaged in small businesses. They prepare goods that people eat in the shop and they prepare the baked products only as per the order given to them by the customers. These orders are smile in quantity. The retail bakers are also responsible for the hiring, training and development of their staff. With the responsibility of hiring and maintaining the employees, the duty of handling the employees grievances will also become a part of bakers responsibilities (Christina, S., et al., 2017). On the other side, commercial bakers are employed in the process of manufacturing. They use heavy equipments and ovens for production because commercial bakers will have to do mass production. They produce goods on the basis of daily instructions given to them and will innovate new recipes. The baker is also required to search for the new recipes in order to make bakerys product innovative. The baker needs to focus on time management and planning because a baker will get orders on daily basis ((Hawkins, et al., 2016). So they have to manage the time for production, packing and delivery. There are a lot of responsibilities for a bakery and each and every responsibility is important equally. We cannot be irresponsible in a single process otherwise that single mistake will affect the whole process. All the responsibilities of the bakery like purchasing, production, labelling and packaging are inter-related to each other. Delay in one duty will delay the whole process. How bakery is looking from outside is also the duty of the bakery manager because the first thing that customers see is the outer appearance of the bakery so it is also as important as the food provided inside the bakery (Kim and Gray, 2017). So the bakery manager is also responsible to make the bakery attractive from outside. Developing business requirements Indispensable processes The bakery business indispensable processes include six process i.e. bakery business plan, finance, quality control, machinery, production and market opportunities. Bakery business plan: This process is the most important and the first step for setting up a bakery. Firstly you need to setup an objective, according to which the bakery runs. Bakery plan includes the estimation of the finance required for the setup and for further processing, how many machines are required, estimation of the workforce needed. It also includes the quality which the bakery is going to maintain in the future, the process of production, selecting the suppliers from whom the raw material will be purchased. It also includes understanding about the process of obtaining the license required to open a bakery business. Bakery Business Finance: While starting a bakery business, the first process is to arrange the finance needed. For this, the owner needs to arrange fixed and working capital. Fixed capital is used for purchasing machinery and setting up the unit. The second is working capital which is used for all the short-term expenses and payments of the bakery. Bakery Business Quality Control: The second indispensable process is providing superior quality. In case of food items, quality is the only thing which matters to the customers. Customers choose the bakery as per the taste of the products. Bakery Business Machinery: At the time of choosing the machinery, two ways are available one is semi-automatic setup and another is fully-automatic. The machines required to run a bakery includes sugar grinding machine, sealing machine, biscuit-wafer machine, planetary mixer machine, a working table with aluminium top etc. Bakery business production process: Another indispensable process includes production process (Loughran, and McDonald, 2016). If we thought about production, the first thing we need is raw material. Raw material is the first stage for the process of production. Bakery is all ab out production. A bakery is not selling the readymade products. Bakery business is all about production. The major raw materials that a bakery needs include eggs, wheat flour, sugar and ghee. These are the products which we need in high quantity and the products which we need in small quantity includes assorted fruits milk powder, yeast, salt, , baking powder, , vanilla, butter, cream, caramel colour etc. In case of small bakery unit, you can purchase the raw material from the whole seller but in case of medium sized unit, it is better to purchase the raw material directly from the manufacturer. Bakery Business Market Opportunity: The business is initiated with an objective of profit. Today there is a lot of competition in the bakery business because of many people engaging in the same business. Thus, the first task is to analyse the opportunities in the market as per your businesss strengths and weaknesses and to analyse the prices at which the competitors are selling their product s (Majlesi and Ekstrm, 2016). The first trick to attract consumers during the stat-up is providing innovative products by properly analysing the tastes and preferences of consumers. Output required from these processes The output required from bakery business plan is the exact estimation of the finance, machinery, workforce and raw material because all other processes depends upon this process so it needs so much of focus so that exact estimation can be calculated. The second process is bakery business finance. So the output required in this process is arranging the finance as calculated in the planning process and borrowing this finance at minimum rate of interest so that it will be easier for the bakery to return it easily in the future (Massaro, et al., 2016). Next process is bakery business quality control so the quality will be up to the mark only then the bakery can survive in the competitive market. The output required from bakery business machinery is using the latest technology in the production and updating the technology from time so that the orders of customers can be completed on time. Another one is bakery business production. The major output related to production is producing the go ods at minimum cost so that the bakery can earn a good profit on particular product and to minimizing the cost; the bakery is required to purchase the raw material at a reasonable price. The last process is bakery business market opportunity. The output that is required from this process for the purpose of achieving the objective of the bakery is proper analysis and understanding of the opportunities that are existing in the market. If these outputs are given by these processes then only the bakery is going to achieve its objectives (Morren, et al., 2017). Determining system requirements You might need to be the bookkeeper or do bookkeeping for start-ups with limited manpower and financial resources. Its advisable to make use of bookkeeping software in order to record transactions. You can grasp cash flow in real- time basis through accounting. You should be familiar of the various accounting software that you can choose to use in your business to make bookkeeping effective and efficient. Because of the tough competition, todays organization is making more investment on the accounting software and IT (Myob, 2017). The investment in the IT and software will result in the growth of business, improvement in the competitiveness, and will helps in strengthening the bakery business. The most efficient way to achieve the maximum return from the investment in IT and software is to integrate the technology with the objective of the bakery. The two issues related to the IT investment objectives are performance and implementation. The return on investment of the software is zer o in case of unsuccessful implementation. So the bakery business needs to focus on the implementation of the software that the software is implemented as per the objectives. The second issue is related with performance (Nilova, et al., 2017). After implementation of the software, the business is required to review the performance frequently to analyze whether the software is performing in integration with the objective of the organization. In order to make investment in IT, the first thing is to identify the problem for which the investment in the IT software is taking place. Before investing in IT software, the company needs to check whether the software will contribute to the growth of the business, whether it will minimize the cost, is the software is having the capacity to remove the manual process so that the cost to employees for the business can be reduced, is the software is helpful in building teamwork, decision-making etc (Novas, et al., 2017). There is a seven step process which is used to analyse the suitability of IT investment as per the objectives of the business. The first step is determining the aspects of the business that leads to the need for IT investment. The second step is whether the IT investment helps in appraising the systems of the organization. It means that the updated software is removing the obsolete systems with upgraded softwares. The third step involves estimating the cost required for the IT investment. It includes the cost of acquiring the software, cost of implementation, administration cost, configuration cost and if the implementation results in a failure then the loss done to the business (PC, 2017). The fourth step includes assessing the potential risk. When we are implementing any software, the risk of its failure is always there till its successful implementation. So the organization is required to assess the risk associated with the IT implementation. The fifth step includes the pre-planne d measures that can be taken if the risk occurs to tackle with the loss done by the risk. The sixth step is related to the implementation of the software. It is the most crucial step of the whole process. After this step, it is analysed that whether the IT investment objective is achieved. The last step includes calculating the return on investment by identifying the difference between the desired results and actual results. If there is no difference between the desired and actual result then the objective behind the IT investment is achieved and if there is a difference between actual and desired then such IT investment is not suitable for the organization (Ratinger, et al., 2016). Software Selection Accounting Software are helpful for a business in many ways like it automatically calculates journal entries for the Balance Sheet and Profit and Loss Statement, easily transfer the data, Bookkeeping software has embedded useful tools and functionalities to analyze your business financial analysis and also give suggestions for the improvement in the financial performance of the business (Saraf, 2017). The three accounting softwares for the bakery business includes MYOB, Reckon and Quick books. Before selecting any software, the two major factors that needs to be considered are cost and time. It should be analysed that whether the software is less expensive and less time consuming. Reckon provides cloud based accounting softwares. Reckon provides various software products according to the shape and size of the business. Mind your own business (MYOB) is a Multinational Corporation that provides tax, accounting and other services to the small and big businesses. MYOB provides accounting software systems to help the business in managing the accounts and bookkeeping needs. The best online accounting software for small businesses is QuickBooks. QuickBooks software is having three versions of it and all of them are providing thirty days trial (Biafore, 2016). Enterprise resource planning (ERP) ia an integrated software which is used to manage production, marketing, planning, management and controlling. These are the core activities of a bakery business. In case of bakery business, the output of one activity is the input of another. So in this way all the activities are dependent on each other. For example, labelling is not possible without production and packaging is not possible without labelling. The bakery business needs an integrated approach (Serenko and Bontis, 2017). So in this way, high ERP is suitable for bakery business. Vendor Selection Basically there are three major types of accounting software such as Database accounting software, Installed accounting software and Cloud accounting software. Database accounting software is used by large business. It is suitable for businesses having a large database to install. So, data is more secured in this type of accounting software. To install and get this type of software operating in your company, one needs to hire systems engineer and systems consultant. Big companies and Banks are the main targets of this software. This software is very much costly and time-consuming. It also involves higher cost for maintenance. Installed Accounting Software is suitable for areas where internet connectivity is limited. So, this software is used in the form of CDs or DVDs which can be installed in the desktop. But this software is only used in rural areas. Now-a-days, the most commonly used software is cloud accounting software. This is the latest software. The main target of this accoun ting software is small and medium sized companies. With the help of this software, the data can be available online so it can be accessed from anywhere at anytime and one of the biggest advantage of this software is that it is less expensive. Now we are comparing the softwares as discussed above. The two accounting softwares that are being compared includes MYOB essentials and Reckon one. On the basis of online, both the accounting softwares are completely online. On the basis of unlimited quotes and invoices, MYOB essential have this and reckon one add purchase and sales approval for medium level subscription. Next basis of comparison is Inventory, third party products available in both the accounting softwares. Another level is multiple currencies. This level is not available in both the currencies. Then on the basis of purchase orders, MYOB essentials has this and it is available in reckon one with invoicing module (Curtis, 2015). In case of payroll, in both the cases it is avail able with unlimited employees. Job tracking is not available in MYOB essentials but it is available with project module in reckon one. Budgeting is not available in MYOB essentials but it is available in reckon one with one subscription. There is unlimited user access in both the accounting softwares. MYOB essentials are providing the 30 days trial but reckon one is not giving this facility. The session security and audit trails are available in reckon one but is not available in MYOB essentials. The add-ons and integration is limited in both the accounting softwares. MYON essential is more expensive then reckon one. In case of MYOB essential, unit cost is stored with 4 decimal places but on the other hand, it is stored with 2 decimal places in reckon one (Turner and Weickgenannt, 2016). In MYOB essential, GST is calculated by using the 1/11th rule based on total invoice amount but it is calculated on the basis of 1/11th of the line total in case of reckon one. MYOB essential allows editing of the GST amount on purchase invoices in order to match it with the amount in the provided document but reckon one strictly accepts 10% as the GST amount. Levels MYOB essentials Reckon One Unit cost stored with 4 decimal places 2 decimal places 30-days trial Available Not available Payroll Available with unlimited employees Available with unlimited employees Completely online Yes Yes Add-ons and Integration Limited Limited GST Calculation !/11th of total invoice amount 1/11th of line total GST Editing Allows editing up to provided documents amount Allows only 10% as the GST amount Session security and traits Not available Available Expensive More expensive Less expensive Unlimited quotes and invoices Yes Add purchase sales approval for medium level subscription Purchasing orders Yes Available with invoicing module Job tracking No Available with projects module Budgeting No Available with core subscription Time consuming Yes No Recurrent invoicing Not available Available with invoice module Useful for Only large businesses Can be useful for small and medium sized businesses. As per the comparison made above, reckon is the most suitable vendor for the bakery. Comparisons are made between MYOB essentials and reckon one. Reckon one is less expensive and less time consuming than MYOB (Yigitbasioglu, 2016). The major advantage of Reckon is that this accounting software is flexible and it has the ability to customise the functionality by subscribing and unsubscribing to various modules on a monthly basis. Some softwares are suitable for small business, some for medium and few softwares are suitable for large business but reckon accounting software is suitable for all the types of businesses whether the business is small or medium or large. Reckon software is having the ability to handle all types of accounting records. B bakerys main thought behind finding out the most suitable accounting software is that the bakery failed to produce goods at competitive prices. Reckon provides full visibility throughout our business, minimise waste and boost profits. Reckon h elps in better reporting and analysis and provide modernised inventory management, quality control and helps in controlling the costs. So this bakery wants an accounting software that calculates the cost of production and the margin of profit on each product because the firm can price its goods only as per the cost of production. If the bakery wants to sell goods at competitive prices then it should be required to produce goods at lower cost. At this point of time, the B bakery is looking for accounting software that is less expensive and more effective. The bakery needs accounting software that boosts the productivity and saves the cost. So, reckon is the best suitable accounting software as per the nature of B bakery. Conclusion The main purpose behind this report is to suggest one best accounting software as per the nature of B bakery. This report critically analysed the roles and responsibilities of the baker. This report described the six major processes of the bakery business such as bakery plan, bakery finance, bakery quality control, bakery production, bakery machinery, bakery market opportunities. Then what types of outputs are expected from these processes is explained. The report also explained the three accounting softwares i.e. MYOB essentials, QuickBooks online and reckon one which are the crucial part of the report. Then a comparison is made between MYOB essentials and Reckon one to find out which accounting software works best for the B bakery. So at last after comparing both the accounting softwares at a variety of levels, it is concluded that reckon software is the best suitable software for B bakery. References AICPA (2017) Codification of Statements on Standards for Accounting and Review Services: Numbers 1 23. USA: John Wiley Sons. Biafore, B. (2016) QuickBooks 2016: The Missing Manual. USA: O'Reilly. Chakrabarti-Bell, S., Patel, M.J., Ng, J. and Hawkins, W.E. (2017) On the use of low protein flours and smartsheeting lines for making bakery products, Journal of Food Engineering, 209, pp.36-44. Christina, S., Dainty, A., Daniels, K., Tregaskis, O. and Waterson, P. (2017) Shut the fridge door! HRM alignment, job redesign and energy performance, Human Resource Management Journal. Curtis, V. (2015) MYOB Software for Dummies Australia. USA: John Wiley Sons. Hawkins, C.V., Krause, R.M., Feiock, R.C. and Curley, C. (2016) Making meaningful commitments: Accounting for variation in cities investments of staff and fiscal resources to sustainability, Urban Studies, 53(9), pp.1902-1924. Kim, Y. and Gray, S.J. (2017) Internationalization strategy and the home-regionalization hypothesis: The case of Australian multinational enterprises, Australian Journal of Management, p.0312896216679215. Loughran, T. and McDonald, B. (2016) Textual analysis in accounting and finance: A survey, Journal of Accounting Research, 54(4), pp.1187-1230. Majlesi, A.R. and Ekstrm, A. (2016) Baking togetherthe coordination of actions in activities involving people with dementia, Journal of aging studies, 38, pp.37-46. Massaro, M., Dumay, J. and Guthrie, J. (2016) On the shoulders of giants: undertaking a structured literature review in accounting, Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal, 29(5), pp.767-801. Morren, S., Ho, Q.T., Stoops, J., Van Dyck, T., Claes, J., Verboven, P., Nicola, B. and Van Campenhout, L., (2017) Effect of Product Microstructure and Process Parameters on Modified Atmosphere Packaged Bread, Food and Bioprocess Technology, 10(2), pp.328-339. Myob (2017) Online accounting helps simplify success. [Online]. Available at: https://www.myob.com/au (Assessed: 10 September, 2017). Nilova, L., Naumenko, N. and Kalinina, I. (2017) A study of the forms of bound water in bread and bakery products using differential thermal analysis, Agronomy Research, 15(Special Issue II), pp.1386-1398. Novas, J.C., Novas, J.C., Alves, M.D.C.G., Alves, M.D.C.G., Sousa, A. and Sousa, A. (2017) The role of management accounting systems in the development of intellectual capital, Journal of Intellectual Capital, 18(2), pp.286-315. PC (2017) The Best Small Business Accounting Software of 2017. [Online]. Available at: https://au.pcmag.com/software/11843/guide/the-best-small-business-accounting-software-of-2017 (Assessed: 10 Septemper, 2017). Ratinger, T., Tomka, A. and Boskova, I. (2016) Sustainable consumption of bakery products; a challenge for Czech consumers and producers, Agricultural Economics, 62(10), pp.447. Saraf, D., Mujbaile, D., Pandharikar, R. and Kundu, A. (2017) Industrial Automation of Bakery Products by using Sensors, Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research, 3(4). Serenko, A. and Bontis, N. (2017) Global ranking of knowledge management and intellectual capital academic journals: 2017 update, Journal of Knowledge Management, 21(3). Turner, L. and Weickgenannt, A. (2016) Accounting Information Systems: The Processes and Controls. USA: John Wiley Sons. Yigitbasioglu, O. (2016) Firms information system characteristics and management accounting adaptability, International Journal of Accounting and Information Management, 24(1), pp.20-37.

The Biological Importance of Water Essay Example

The Biological Importance of Water Paper Using the physical and chemical properties of water molecules discuss the biological importance of water. Life on Earth began in water and evolved over the course of 3 billion years before being able to spread onto land. Water is the substance the allows for the existence of any life at all on this planet. It makes up 70% of the human body, and equally large proportions of other living organisms. It also covers nearly three quarters of the Earth’s surface, shaping the face of this planet and the course of evolution over millions of years. Water molecules are polar molecules due to the hydrogen and oxygen atoms that form this remain slightly positive (in the case of hydrogen) and negative (in the case of oxygen). These slightly positive and negative charges then form hydrogen bonds with oppositely charged atoms. This creates weak bonds with other water molecules, and hold the substance (water) together, which is called cohesion. This cohesion helps the transport of water and di ssolved nutrients against gravity in plants. When water evaporates from a leaf, the hydrogen bonds cause water molecules basically ‘stick’ to the sides of the veins in the leaf, which is called adhesion. Adhesion to the molecules in cell walls helps to counter the effects on gravity on the water, enabling it to be transported through water-conductive cells up to the leaves. This allows plants to provide nutrients for growth, water for photosynthesis, and ions for the maintenance of plant proteins (used for growth and creating amino acids) and preventing any ion deficiencies, keeping the plant healthy and allowing it to grow even more. Without this polarity of water molecules, water and dissolved nutrients would not be able to pass from the roots up to the leaves, meaning that plants as we know them would not be able to survive on Earth. Furthermore, water allows for life to be sustained by moderating surface and air temperature, as well as body temperature. We will write a custom essay sample on The Biological Importance of Water specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Biological Importance of Water specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Biological Importance of Water specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Marie Antoinette Synopsis Essay

Marie Antoinette Synopsis Essay Marie Antoinette Synopsis Essay Marie Antoinette Film Synopsis Marie Antoinette is the most renowned and well-known French queen the world has ever known. The film, Marie Antoinette (2006), reveals this adequately. The film exhibits the life of the young French queen who was formerly Austrian; who became the French queen through a common practice of performing a hand-over that required the marriage of younger members of differing royal families. During the late 1700’s, Austria and France were struggling to achieve peace; the marriage of the Dauphin of France and the young princess of Austria, both equally young in age, seemed to be the solution to the problem. In the film we witness this occurring and we eventually we see that Marie Antoinette becomes the queen of France shortly after King Louis XV’s death in 1774. Following this, we begin to see Marie lead a life of luxury that contains lavish spending, gambling and drinking. Eventually, we see that she comes to symbolize everything that was wrong with the French monarchy at the t ime. In the movie, one of her most famous, yet not confirmed quotes, is stated, â€Å"Let them eat cake.† This quote sparked some of the French Revolution and it caused most of the French nation to view her with hatred because of her apparent ignorance to the French people’s rapidly decreasing quality of life. Even though the queen ignored the rumors and seemed to have it all, she struggled in one very important aspect of any queen’s life, the task of giving birth to an heir. In this time period, if a queen failed to give birth to an heir, she was viewed as unfit for the throne and she was often joked about during commoner/aristocratic dinner. The reason she struggled with this is because she often failed to arouse her husband’s sexual desires. Although this was reoccurring during the first decade of their marriage, Marie Antoinette eventually gave birth to an heir. Of the children she gave birth to, two of the children died causing for her reputation as queen to be weakened. As the French Revolution grew to a climax and the royal family was in an increasing amount of danger because of it, Marie Antoinette began to fear for the lives of her and her family. A few years later, she was executed in Paris and this marked the end of Marie Antoinette. In the beginning of her reign, Marie Antoinette had only a few conflicting loyalties between herself, her heritage and France. When she was handed over by the Austrians to the French, Marie Antoinette struggled to become everything the French desired in a future queen. She often struggled with leaving past practices in

Corperate social responability Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Corperate social responability - Case Study Example ions and unrestricted region organizations, for which the conventional priorities of overhaul quality and cost supervision must progressively more take a description of these similar ethical considerations affecting the marketable and commercial world. Corporate social responsibility is associated with understanding one’s business impacts on the outside and wide world. In the context of social responsibility, factors like environment, sustainability, global effects, corruption, armed conflicts, political issues, staff- customer relationships, local community, and social impacts on people’s health are widely discussed and entirely worked upon. This is greatly appreciated if the impacts are considered to have positive effects on all people involved. Positive relations between the triple bottom line factors also bring great contribution to the success. Triple bottom line has been described to consist of only three factors which include planet, people, and profits2. The idea achieved some recognizable accomplishment in the corporate social responsibility, climate change and fair trade. After more than a decade, in which cost-cutting had been the number-one business priority, the hidden social and environmental costs of transporting invention and services to economical countries such as China, India and Brazil, hence becoming gradually more evident to western customers. These included such happenings as the haphazard cataloguing of the Amazon basin, the extreme use of hydrocarbons and the utilization of despicable labor. It is essential to recognize that one’s business does not subsist in segregation or simply as a way of making money3. Employees, customers, suppliers, the local community, and other people depend entirely on the business because whatever goes on in a business affects them either directly or indirectly. In a business, corporate social responsibility has an involvement in everything that is done by all those in the business and everyone who

Investigating of British Consumer Behavior for Red Bull Essay

Investigating of British Consumer Behavior for Red Bull - Essay Example Survey questionnaires would be administered to select (about 100) college students with prior permission of the college authorities, after informing them of the purpose of the research. Qualitative date would be collected through face-to-face interview with proper analytical questions that can bring out the actual need of the consumer. Data from the survey questionnaires would be analysed through bar charts and pie charts while primary data from the interviews would be interpreted along with the theories of consumer behavior. Project time scale has been presented in the research proposal. Investigating of British Consumer Behavior for Red Bull Introduction Beverages market in the UK has been of interest to the marketers because of the trend of engaging in health and energy drinks. The key driver of sales growth in the energy drinks market has been healthy diet choices and healthy alternatives of which energy drink is a part. According to Langlois (2005) energy drinks market including soy-based/yoghurt drinks, sports/energy drinks are preferred over soft drinks. Health products can attract premium pricing and premium pricing means higher profit margins. Stimulants are believed to have a bad taste but this is not the case with Ant Natural Stimulation, which raises energy levels, helps fight ageing and enhances sexual vigour. The British consumers have become health conscious and would prefer to consume energy drinks (Functional Ingredients, 2002). Red Bull too is an energy drink and its selling proposition is that increases stamina and mental concentration (Berg, 2005). Red Bull is a kind of energy tonic, which has the potentiality to strengthen physical power and concentration level up to the mark. They advertise for their product as a drink â€Å"for the morning after over-doing it† (Smit & Rogers, 2002). Red Bull containing sucrose and caffeine has the potential to boost the energy levels. With a very high level marketing strategy, this energy drink is available in 100 countries all the world. It also boasts of a successful ratio of selling among its targeted mass, the young people and the athletes. Skillful marketing campaign and excellent distribution with good attractive packaging, this energy drink has owned the market with a successful grade. The main targeted mass for the owner of this he alth business, Dietrich Mateschitz, is to get the commercial approval. This was tough to get as the drink contains three times more caffeine than any normal health drinks. The European mass was unfamiliar with such energy drinks and as a result almost 50% of the consumers labeled it as something acidic. However, with a proper distribution and marketing strategy with young icons this drink sustain in the market (web, 2004). This paper proposes to investigate British consumer behavior for Red Bull. This is considered important because there have been reports that Red Bull has been banned in France, classified as a medicine in Norway, and in Japan it was available only at the pharmacies (BBC News, 2001). Three people are believed to have died in Sweden following drinking the Red Bull. Deaths in Europe and America have also been linked to Red Bull without proof of course. It is still considered as a drink that ‘gives you wings’ and has become the epitome of cool for the dot .com revelers at clubs and pubs from Los Angeles to Singapore. Question and Justification of This Paper: The quality of the product is not important for the study here; how

Benefits And Disadvantages Of Internet Banking

Benefits And Disadvantages Of Internet Banking This chapter will review the e-banking system in Malaysia and review the relevant literature on consumer perception towards e-banking. In addition, this literature review also considers the discussion of customer satisfaction and loyalty towards internet banking. 2.1 Benefits and Dis-advantages of Internet Banking 2.1.1 Benefits of Internet Banking Bu using internet, clients can access to their accounts doing transaction or access to other services with cost reduction and more convenience because online bank are operation 24hours per day, 7days per week. Furthermore, banks able to expand their market penetration internationally and offer personalized online services like clients able to check their account balances and monthly statement by login to the secure website of the bank, make payments, and transfer funds to other accounts. The speed of online banking transaction is generally faster than ATM processing speeds. Internet banking also provides advantages likes flexibility, individually and mobility which is a brand new distribution channel for clients to make on-line transaction. The improvement of internet protection through security technologies such as automatic log-off, firewalls, encryption, monitoring tools and authentication to ensure clients trust on internet banking (Banking Info, 2007). Table 1 are the benefits arise are summarized by Thulani et al.(2009) in their research paper on various study of internet banking. Benefits Related literature Cost Reduction Bradley and Stewart (2003), Rotchanakitumnuai and Speece (2003), Jayawadhera and Foley (2000), Nath et al 2001, Al-Sukkar and Hasan (2005) and Singh (2004), Corrocher (2002),Chang (2003), Sullivan and Wang (2005). Increased customer base Bradley and Stewart (2003), Jayawadhera and Foley (2000), Jen-Her Wu et al 2006 and Singh (2004), Corrocher (2002). Enable innovation and development of non-core business services Jayawadhera and Foley (2000), Nath et al. (2001), Karem (2003), Corrocher (2002), Chang (2003). Marketing and communication Jayawadhera and Foley (2000), Karem (2003), Corrocher (2002). Increased consumer loyalty and satisfaction Jen-Her Wu et al 2006 and AL-Sukkar and Hasan (2005), Nath et al. (2001). High profit consumers Jen-Her Wu et al 2006 and AL-Sukkar and Hasan (2005), Nath et al. (2001). Ability to attract new consumers AL-Sukkar and Hasan (2005). Table 1: Benefits of Internet Banking Source: Thulani et al. (2009) 2.1.2 Dis-advantage of Internet Banking AL-Sukkar and Hasan (2005) and Singh (2004) had identify the disadvantages of develop internet banking. They stated clients have to pay indirect cost as some of the internet banking systems charge money on browsing connectivity on personal computer. Moreover, cash are not available through internet. Customers are unable to withdraw cash or deposit cash by using internet banking. They also emphasize on security concerns, the issue of security concerns may delay the clients adoption of internet banking. Before using internet banking, applicant required to go through some procedure in one of the bank branch, especially the clients want to open a joint account. Some of the clients not familiar to internet browsing, they have to go through tutorials to familiarize with the navigation tools. Unfortunately, clients require re-familiarizing the navigation tools to access their account once banks update and upgrade their online system. Last but not least, trustworthiness is the most difficult yet most important issue face by clients. They always wonder whether the transaction or payments have been proceeding to another account accurately. 2.2 Aspect that Influence Consumer Perception towards Internet Banking The financial institutions have been use the Internet as an alternative way in order to provide services and interact with their customers. The electronic banking (e-banking) is no exception. Three of the most important characteristics of financial services to extend e-banking are: High availability, Scalability, and Security. (Antovski and LJ, 2001). According to them, high availability also can define in reliability, availability and serviceability. The e-banking are design for easy and continuous service to customers. Yibin and MU (2003) also stated the three improvements of the system infrastructure which are to build-up the reporting services for online transaction, improve the e-payment system, and improve the telecommunications infrastructure and other forms of electronic transaction. Factors such as the speed of transactions or the cost of using the Internet have little impact on an individuals final decision. After setting up better system infrastructure through Web, the new delivery channel can highly recommended to clients by giving guarantee on security, privacy and trust of Web system to minimize barrier. The adoption of electronic banking forces consumers to consider concerns about password integrity, privacy, data encryption, hacking, and the protection of personal information (Benamati and Serva, 2007). The following research provided the analysis on different aspect that will effect customer perception towards internet banking. 2.2.1 Electronic Security (E-Security) Electronic security is a tool or process designed to restrict entry or prevent unauthorized access to a systems information assets or is a risk-management (Thomas et al., 2002). Mueller (2001) stated that e-security prevents the hacker and others from accessing customers information, security pin number or credit card number. Thomas et al. (2002) highlighted e-security adds value to a naked network. As Internet is a new distribution channel for banking system, it require to providing sufficient security to maintain trustworthiness of clients towards the internet. Any inexpedient of security in Internet usage may lead to increase fear and desperate among the clients and bar them to use the banking system as their private information being hacked. Thomas et al. (2002) stated that although technology offer a new distribution channel for financial institution but it creates opportunities for crimes to be committed very quickly. A criminal can use the tools available on the Web to hack database on internet and steal personal hidden identities in seconds. This is why e-security must be taken very seriously. However, Raigaga (2000) stated that some banker has delay the online banking service due to the security concern. Consumer perceptions of security are measure through the operations and processes of encryption, protection, verification and authentication. The mechanisms of encryption, digital authentication, firewalls, protection, filtering routers, and personal identification numbers influence the internet customers perception towards security and might increase the confidence and trust of consumer. E-security is one of the important factors to be stressed. Most of the customers refuse to use internet banking as the alternative way to carry on transaction and payment because they afraid of losing their private information and data on hacker. 2.2.2 Trustworthiness Trust is considered as a strategic variable in current marketing (Selnes, 1998). Meanwhile, the development of internet banking brings new challenges, this lead to an increase of motivation in bank to provide a better service. Bank image will might slightly improve if clients able to enjoy better service. Bank image and consumer trust are significant influence the individual behavior (Ratnasingham, 1998). Bank image and customer trust are significantly affect individual behavior and their level of perception (Ratnasingham, 1998; Rexha et al., 2003; Lehu, 2001; Ba, 2001). Since the online banking give a higher level of risk to the clients, so Gefen et al. (2003) stated that trust is an important aspect to take note when doing internet transaction because it determines the nature of businesses. The issue of trust arises when risk is involved. Trust is the main factor being concern because bank and clients are physically separated from each other and there is a large number of suspicious about the e-security over the Internet. Generally, customers distrust and worries about the reliability of internet banking even the e-security system is good. Apart from this, Chellappa (2002) also emphasize on trust will be favorably influence with the increase in perceptions of security in EC (Electronic commerce) transactions. Furthermore, clients lack of confidence on the e-security is the main obstacle prevent e-banking is being developed further. As William Pitt, the eighteenth century British statesman once said,confidence is a plant of slow growth. Nexhmi et al. (2003) believe that trust and commitment are key relational mediators in the development of customers within the banking industry. According to them satisfaction will have a role in development but a more important element is to maintain close bank-customer relationship. Overall customer satisfaction with the bank will be directly related to the level of trust within the relationship. 2.3 Consumer Satisfaction and Loyalty Towards Internet Banking. For offline environments, it is common knowledge that quality of services and products is a key determinant of customer satisfaction and customer loyalty (Caruana, 2002; Cronin and Taylor, 1992; Kelley and Davis, 1994; Parasuraman et al., 1988). The quality of services delivered through a Web site has become a more significant success factor than low prices or being the first mover in the market space (Mahajan et al., 2002; Reibstein, 2002; Shankar et al., 2003). Research by Patricio et al. (2003) goes one step further to measure service quality of various banking services through different delivery channels, including the electronic and traditional channels. They have found that perceived service quality with one delivery channel has an impact on how another channel is perceived. Moreover, Fassnacht and Ko ¨se (2007) found that high electronic service quality in web-based services had an important role in building overall customer trust for the service provider. Furthermore, Jean-Michel (2003) notes that customer is most important in designing, providing and evaluating the level of service quality. Customers past experience with the service is one of the factors that influence them to use Electronic banking for transaction. According to Vohra (2002), electronic banking makes it easier for customers to compare banks services and products. This can increase competition among banks and allow banks to enter into new markets by overcoming resistance and thus expand their geographical boundary. Banks operate websites through which customers are not only able to inquire about account balances, interest, and exchange rates but also conduct a range of transactions. Shailey et al. (2003) therefore notes that understanding customer requirements and meeting their demands and expectations is becoming a challenge. However, acceptance of this new technology has not yet been found to be equal in all parts of the globe indicating a lack of a common generalizability. Ramayah et al. (2002) suggest that users will eventually lose interest in using Internet banking if they feel that it is not useful to use Internet banking even though the system is rather easy to handle. One of the most important discussions was carried out by Machauer and Morgner (2001), who defined four clusters of German bank consumers. These were transaction oriented, generally interested, service oriented and technology opposed groups. In another study in Singapore, Liao and Cheung (2002) found that individual expectations regarding accuracy, security, transaction speed, user-friendliness, user involvement, and convenience were the most important quality attributes in the perceived usefulness of Internet-based ebanking. Among these, the first five determined the willingness of consumers to use of Internet based banking. According to Zorayda Ruth B. Andam (2003), 42% of respondents said they had access to computers and 7% said they had access to the Internet. Therefore, it can be perceived that this large variance has been found due to security obstacle in Asia and the emerging markets. This may be one of the greatest reasons why people do not initiate online banking or open inve stment accounts. Then, we might draw our concerns on perceived service quality and indeed, access to high quality services and products is another crucial concern. Apparently, there may also be a preference for personal contacts with the banks. customer satisfaction and customer retention are increasingly developing into key success factors in e-banking. http://www.mpexpert.com/images/stories/storydoc/Measuring_the_quality_of_ebanking_portals.pdf Sathye (1999) investigated the adoption of online banking by Australian consumers and argued that the intention of Internet banking in Australia is significantly influenced by variables of system insecurity, awareness of service and its benefits, ease of use, and availability of infrastructure Meanwhile the importance of the Internet to users banking needs relates to the advantages that accrue to the users of the technology in question. As adoption and the usage of the Internet banking services increases, a certain maturation point will be reached in the following years (Mà ¤enpà ¤Ãƒ ¤, 2006). Academicians also take a different stance in the theories they adopt when exploring consumer adoption of electronic banking (Laforet and Li, 2005). This study shows that only protected transaction, have significant impact on consumers perception about e-banking security, followed by service quality and regulatory frame work issues. This study offers an insight into e-banking in Malaysia. http://www.academicjournals.org/ajbm/pdf/pdf2009/Jun/Haqua%20et%20al..pdf African Journal of Business Management Vol.3 (6), pp. 248-259, June 2009 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJBM ISSN 1993-8233  © 2009 Academic Journals

The Death of the Moth by Virginia Woolf Essay -- Virginia Woolf Death

‘The Death of the Moth† by Virginia Woolf   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Death is a difficult subject for anyone to speak of, although it is a part of everyday life. In Virginia Woolf’s â€Å"The Death of the Moth†, she writes about a moth flying about a windowpane, its world constrained by the boundaries of the wood holding the glass. The moth flew, first from one side, to the other, and then back as the rest of life continued ignorant of its movements. At first indifferent, Woolf was eventually moved to pity the moth. This story shows that life is as strange and familiar as death to us all. I believe this story was well written and will critique the symbolism, characters, and the setting.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Woolf uses symbolism in her essay when she speaks of the moth and its journey towards death. Eventually the moth settles on the windowsill and Woolf forgets it until she notices it trying to move again, but this time its movements are slow and awkward. It attempts to fly but fails, and falls back down to the sill, landing on its back, tiny feet clawing at the air as it tries to right itself. Woolf reaches out to help when she realizes that it is dying stating â€Å"the helplessness of his attitude roused me. It flashed upon me that he was in difficulties; he could no longer raise himself; his legs struggled vainly. But, as I stretched out a pencil, meaning to help him to right himself, it came over me that the failure and awkwardness were the approach of death† and she was reluctant to interfere with this natura... The Death of the Moth by Virginia Woolf Essay -- Virginia Woolf Death ‘The Death of the Moth† by Virginia Woolf   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Death is a difficult subject for anyone to speak of, although it is a part of everyday life. In Virginia Woolf’s â€Å"The Death of the Moth†, she writes about a moth flying about a windowpane, its world constrained by the boundaries of the wood holding the glass. The moth flew, first from one side, to the other, and then back as the rest of life continued ignorant of its movements. At first indifferent, Woolf was eventually moved to pity the moth. This story shows that life is as strange and familiar as death to us all. I believe this story was well written and will critique the symbolism, characters, and the setting.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Woolf uses symbolism in her essay when she speaks of the moth and its journey towards death. Eventually the moth settles on the windowsill and Woolf forgets it until she notices it trying to move again, but this time its movements are slow and awkward. It attempts to fly but fails, and falls back down to the sill, landing on its back, tiny feet clawing at the air as it tries to right itself. Woolf reaches out to help when she realizes that it is dying stating â€Å"the helplessness of his attitude roused me. It flashed upon me that he was in difficulties; he could no longer raise himself; his legs struggled vainly. But, as I stretched out a pencil, meaning to help him to right himself, it came over me that the failure and awkwardness were the approach of death† and she was reluctant to interfere with this natura...

Marketing Management, Eleventh Edition

Visual Consistency was the main feature of Crispin’s advertising campaign. They gave full focus to the support background. In both their advertising campaigns they promoted the chicken costume and the Coq Roq Band rather than starting the ad with it and ending with advertising the Tender Crisp chicken and chicken fries. This made the promotion not too commercial and â€Å"uncool† as believed by the young generation.Crispin did not keep the campaign duration very long. They concentrated on creating a surprising, short yet captive campaign as found in www. subservientchicken. com where the last icon was the only indication of BK’s promotion. They even went on promoting the created Coq Roq Band before airing their ads on MTV and VH-1. The tagline identified by Crispin was â€Å"Have it your way. † This tagline was used for all the promotional activities developed for Burger King.This simple but sticky tagline helped in word-of mouth publicity which is conside red to be more convincing and effective. Burger King was consistently positioned as the youth’s eating style. The Brand positioning was such that the young people could identify Burger King with themselves. It was positioned as food (fast food) meant for young men. Simplicity was the central theme of BK as they shied away from being too commercial. The promotion included in-store signage to message on cups with the tagline â€Å"Have it your way.† This helped in better retention and understanding of the message by its target audience. Identifiable Selling Point of Burger King is its customized burger service to customers. This is its unique selling point (USP). This means giving a sense of importance and uniqueness to customers as they feel well served. This gives an edge to Burger King over its competitors. Works Cited Page Philip Kotler, Marketing Management, Eleventh Edition, Pearson Education Publishers, Delhi, 2003

Chapter 29 Nursing Management Obstructive Pulmonary...

Chapter 29: Nursing Management: Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The nurse teaches a patient with chronic bronchitis about a new prescription for Advair Diskus (combined fluticasone and salmeterol). Which action by the patient would indicate to the nurse that teaching about medication administration has been successful? a. The patient shakes the device before use. b. The patient attaches a spacer to the Diskus. c. The patient rapidly inhales the medication. d. The patient performs huff coughing after inhalation. ANS: C The patient should inhale the medication rapidly. Otherwise the dry particles will stick to the tongue and oral mucosa and not get inhaled into the lungs. Advair Diskus is a dry powder inhaler;†¦show more content†¦a. No wheezes are audible. b. Oxygen saturation is 90%. c. Accessory muscle use has decreased. d. Respiratory rate is 16 breaths/minute. ANS: B The goal for treatment of an asthma attack is to keep the oxygen saturation 90%. The other patient data may occur when the patient is too fatigued to continue with the increased work of breathing required in an asthma attack. DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application) REF: 569 TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 6. A patient seen in the asthma clinic has recorded daily peak flows that are 75% of the baseline. Which action will the nurse plan to take next? a. Increase the dose of the leukotriene inhibitor. b. Teach the patient about the use of oral corticosteroids. c. Administer a bronchodilator and recheck the peak flow. d. Instruct the patient to keep the next scheduled follow-up appointment. ANS: C USTESTBANK.COM The patient’s peak flow reading indicates that the condition is worsening (yellow zone). The patient should take the bronchodilator and recheck the peak flow. Depending on whether the patient returns to the green zone, indicating well-controlled symptoms, the patient may be prescribed oral corticosteroids or a change in dosing of other medications. Keeping the next appointment is appropriate, but the patient also needs to be taught how to control symptoms now and use the bronchodilator. 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